Brainstorm: Who Killed Natalie Wood?

Actress Natalie Wood drowned at the height of her fame in 1981, and her death remains one of Hollywood’s great mysteries. Fresh scrapes and bruises on her body led investigators to believe she had been assaulted, but the coroner ultimately ruled that her death was accidental.

Wood was aboard a yacht with actor Christopher Walken and the boat’s captain, Dennis Davern. But their accounts of what happened have shifted over time, raising suspicions of foul play. Keep reading the article below to learn more about Who Killed Natalie Wood.

Natalie Wood

What Happened to Natalie Wood?

Actress Natalie Wood was just 43 when she drowned in the Pacific Ocean off Catalina Island in November 1981. Despite her roles in classics such as West Side Story and Rebel Without a Cause, she was fading from the spotlight, with the onset of middle age and rumors of trouble in her marriage to actor Robert Wagner, who was also her co-star on the TV series Hart to Hart.

Her sudden death stunned the world, and remained one of Hollywood’s greatest mysteries for four decades. But now, a new book by forensic pathologist Sam Perroni has shed shocking light on the case and on the corrupt motives that influenced its outcome.

Wood was found dead in her flannel nightgown and down jacket in the water near the yacht Splendour, where she had spent several hours drinking with Wagner, Walken and the ship’s young captain, Dennis Davern.

The original investigators believed that Wood fell off the boat into a dinghy, which bore scratch marks from a struggle. But nail clippings were never taken from the body to determine whether she made the scratches herself, and the dinghy is no longer available for examination. It was a dark, foggy night, and it’s impossible to tell whether her fall was intentional or accidental.

In addition, Wood had a lifelong fear of water and had been told by a fortune teller as a teenager that she would die in the sea. It has been suggested that her fear caused her to ignore a warning from Davern to avoid going into the water, or that she was trying to pilot the dinghy in an inebriated state and fell in.

In his new book, Perroni reveals that the bruises on Wood’s body were more than just from her fall, and that she was likely kicked or punched while in the water. He cites evidence such as an audiotape of a voice that sounds like Wood’s saying, “Come on! Get me out of here!” as well as new statements by Davern that he lied during the initial investigation under pressure from Wagner.

The Night She Died

A Hollywood icon in life, Natalie Wood was equally alluring in death — and her mysterious drowning remains one of Tinsel Town’s great mysteries. Using new evidence, including a never-before-heard autopsy report, Brainstorm explores the night that Hollywood’s alluring siren went missing and died.

On the evening of Nov. 29, 1981, Wood, who was 43 at the time, went on a yacht trip with her husband, Robert Wagner, and their costars Christopher Walken and Dennis Davern. She was a three-time Oscar nominee for her roles in “West Side Story,” “Rebel Without a Cause” and other hits.

By early the next morning, Wood was missing. An analysis of her stomach contents placed her last meal at about midnight. An hour after that, Wagner made a radio call to report her missing at about 1:30 a.m. Her body was found four hours later in a cove called Blue Cavern Point.

At first, investigators assumed that Wood slipped from her dinghy, which was attached to the couple’s yacht, The Splendour, and drowned. But the actress was known to be terrified of deep, dark water and would not have left the boat on her own. Her sister Lana also testified that she would not have gone to the dinghy in a nightgown.

The original investigation was stymied by a lack of physical evidence and a lack of clarity about what actually happened to the star. For more than 40 years, people wanted answers about why she disappeared. But speculative stories were all they could get, until now.

Sheriff’s homicide detective Ralph Hernandez has reopened the case and, in this book, takes us along for the ride. He interviews medical experts, including former chief medical examiner for Rhode Island Dr. Christina Stanley, who explains the significance of unexplained bruising on Wood’s back and body and sheds light on a bruise in her throat that could have been caused by a thumbnail or fingernail. He also interviews Pamela Eaker, the coroner’s first responder sent to Catalina Island after Wood’s death and who has long believed that her findings were tampered with.

The Autopsy

In the wake of Natalie Wood’s mysterious death in 1981, it was revealed that she had fresh bruises on her body — bruises not consistent with falling overboard from a boat. But for 40 years, investigators have struggled to hold anyone accountable for her death. That changed when LA County sheriff’s homicide detective Ralph Hernandez reopened the case. He uncovered a never-before-heard autopsy report that changes everything we thought we knew about the Hollywood legend’s final hours.

The report from the Los Angeles County Medical Examiner’s Office cited fresh scrapes and bruises on Wood’s arms and knee as evidence she may have been assaulted before she died. The report also revealed that the actress had a blood alcohol level of 0.14 percent. But the sheriff’s department never acted on those findings.

Instead, the investigation was glossed over by local law enforcement agencies, and powerful Hollywood insiders influenced the results of the original investigation. Using official records and photographs, as well as interviews with witnesses and forensic experts, journalist Sam Perroni brings new insight to the case. The result is the most far-reaching and in-depth examination of this enduring mystery to date.

Perroni reveals that the coroner at the time, Dr. Thomas Noguchi, who had grabbed headlines with sensational news conferences following the deaths of Marilyn Monroe, Janis Joplin, and United States Senator Robert Kennedy, did not follow the standard procedures for an autopsy. In the process, he made false claims about the cause of death in each case.

The night before Wood’s death, she and her three companions – actor Christopher Walken, Wagner, and captain Dennis Davern – enjoyed dinner at Doug’s Harbor Reef in Catalina Island. Employees later told investigators that the group drank heavily throughout dinner. They left the restaurant at 10:30 p.m. to re-board the Splendour.

At 8am the next day, authorities found her lifeless body floating in the water 1.6 kilometers from the boat. The small dinghy was beached nearby. Her cause of death was ruled as accidental drowning.

Over the years, Walken and Wagner both gave conflicting accounts of what happened on the night of Wood’s death. Walken did say he and Wagner had argued, but he said the argument was not physical and it didn’t involve her. Wagner, however, has never admitted to any involvement in her death.

The Case Reopened

For decades, Natalie Wood’s death was classified as an accident. The 43-year-old actress went missing from the yacht Splendour at 3am on November 28, 1981, along with her husband Robert Wagner and co-star Christopher Walken. Her body was found the following day, a short distance away from the boat, floating in the water. The cause of death was listed as “probable drowning.” But the bruises and abrasions on her body, which appeared fresh to the coroner, raised suspicions of foul play. In 2018, police reclassified the case as suspicious and named Wagner, now 91, a person of interest.

In her life, Wood was a beloved star. She appeared in a string of classic films, playing roles ranging from straight-arrow reliable to high-strung and neurotic. Although her personal life was turbulent — she and Wagner fought often, with the couple’s rift intensifying over their differences on-screen — fans remembered her as one of Hollywood’s most alluring actresses.

But the real-life story behind her death is as murky as the movies she starred in. In his new book, author Sam Perroni examines the case with an investigative mindset, methodically building a strong argument for whether Natalie Wood was murdered and if so, who did it.

Perroni’s book reveals that the original investigation was clouded by a number of inconsistencies and holes in witness testimony. His research also unearthed evidence indicating that several of the bruises on Wood’s body were likely not fresh when her body was initially discovered.

Another red flag was the fact that the three men on board the yacht — Wagner, Walken and Davern — told investigators that they assumed Wood took off in the dinghy to go ashore. But the actress couldn’t operate the dinghy, couldn’t swim and had a severe phobia of dark water, which stemmed from a prophecy her mother received from a fortune teller.

For years, Davern has maintained that the official account of what happened is not true. He voiced his suspicions on a 1992 Geraldo Rivera special, in a 2000 Vanity Fair article and in his 2009 book, Goodbye Natalie, Goodbye Splendour. He has refused to speak with authorities again, but in a recent interview on CBS News, his daughter Natasha Gregson Wagner insisted that her father had nothing to do with her mother’s death.

Kitchen Remodeling Safety Tips

Kitchen Remodeling Lexington KY is a major undertaking. It typically involves demolition, construction, and floor plan rearrangement.

A major kitchen remodeling project can include adding an island, removing walls, rerouting electrical and plumbing, and installing new flooring.

For example, a smaller kitchen facelift could involve painting cabinets or upgrading appliances. The materials used should complement the style of your Temecula home.

Increased Kitchen Space

Kitchen remodeling is a great way to increase your home’s storage space. New cabinets, shelving units, and walk-in pantries can make it easier to keep your kitchen clean, organized, and functional. This will help reduce clutter and free up floor space for activities like cooking, eating, entertaining and cleaning. If you are struggling with limited space in your kitchen, contact a Kowalske designer who can show you the latest designs and products in kitchen storage to give you more room to work.

A remodel can also add a personal touch to your kitchen. For example, you can customize the color and design of your cabinetry to reflect your personal style. Or, you can choose a custom countertop to complement your cabinets and make the room more cohesive. Another popular kitchen update is installing smart technology and energy-efficient appliances. These upgrades can make your kitchen more efficient and increase its resale value.

The main reason to remodel a kitchen is to improve its functionality. An outdated or poorly designed kitchen can be frustrating to use and can impact the overall enjoyment of your home. If what worked for the previous owner or passed building code standards doesn’t suit your family’s needs, you may need a complete overhaul.

There are many different kitchen layouts to consider, but the most important factor is how the space will be used. Consider how many people will be using the kitchen, what kinds of meals you’ll be preparing and what equipment is required for those tasks.

Once you have a clear idea of your kitchen’s function, it’s time to start planning. There are a few tools that can make this process much easier, such as inexpensive online kitchen design software and physical design kits with cardboard punch-outs of cabinets and appliances. These kits can be laid out on a kitchen grid to help you realistically visualize your available space. Most of these plans revolve around the principle of kitchen zoning, which is the concept that the most frequently used zones (prep, cook and clean) should be within easy reach of each other to minimize movement and maximize efficiency.

Aesthetics

A beautiful kitchen can make a huge difference in the overall aesthetic of your home. While it is important to have a well-designed kitchen, it is also necessary to balance aesthetics with functionality. A kitchen can look stunning but become impractical and inefficient without the proper design.

The right combination of style, color, and materials will ensure that your kitchen is both functional and aesthetically appealing. Achieving this balance requires careful consideration and planning, especially for large projects like a kitchen remodel. It is easy to go overboard with a remodel and end up with an unusable space. To avoid this, start with a clear vision of the desired style and prioritize the most important features for your kitchen.

One of the best ways to add visual appeal is by changing the color scheme. A monochromatic kitchen aesthetic offers a streamlined backdrop for other colors and decor to stand out. It’s also easy to change up the look of your kitchen by simply adding a few accent pieces or swapping out the lighting fixtures.

Lighting is another essential aspect of kitchen remodeling. There should be a mix of ambient (overall) lighting to illuminate the space; task lighting for specific activities like cooking or cleaning; mood lighting to create ambiance; and accent lighting to highlight special collections or artwork. If your kitchen opens into other rooms, lighting is even more critical so that people in different spaces can work comfortably and safely.

Whether you’re going for a traditional, farmhouse, modern, or minimalist aesthetic, the right mix of colors and textures will create a balanced and cohesive look. Be sure to choose colors that will complement your home’s architectural style and be easy on the eyes for future buyers. Avoid over-customizing your kitchen, as this can limit its resale value and appeal to a limited audience.

If you’re looking for a quick kitchen update that will still have a big impact on your kitchen’s aesthetic, consider making a few smaller improvements instead of a full-on remodel. Painting cabinets, refinishing your countertops, and swapping out old appliances can drastically alter the look of your kitchen without requiring a major structural overhaul.

Functionality

Many kitchen remodels include the addition of unique features designed to improve the functionality of your home’s primary cooking area. These upgrades are not just stylish and aesthetically pleasing, but often help you make the most of your space while minimizing the time spent on chores. New appliances, custom cabinetry, and other innovative functionalities are changing traditional design concepts like the kitchen triangle, a concept that emphasizes efficient layouts between your stove, sink, and refrigerator.

When considering whether or not to invest in a kitchen remodeling project, you need to consider how it will affect your everyday life and your resale value. A complete kitchen overhaul is a big investment, but one that can drastically improve the quality of your home and increase its overall value. Depending on your preferences and budget, you may choose to opt for a partial remodel that replaces only the necessary elements, such as countertops or cabinets.

Safety

Renovating your kitchen can be a great way to improve efficiency and increase home value. However, it can be a dangerous undertaking if you don’t take the proper safety precautions. You’ll be working with heavy materials and power tools while others are in the house, and there will be a lot of noise and disruption. To ensure that you and your family are safe during this process, Boss Design Center offers these Kitchen Remodeling Safety Tips.

Before starting the project, make sure to have a budget and a plan of action. This will help you avoid any unexpected expenses that may arise during the renovation process. It is also important to consult with a professional before making any major decisions about your kitchen remodel. They can help you create a kitchen that is both functional and visually appealing without breaking the bank.

A full kitchen remodel is often necessary to improve the functionality of your home. If your current kitchen is too small, or you need to relocate appliances, a complete overhaul may be the best option for your home. However, if your kitchen is still functional but just doesn’t look good, a minor refresh might be enough to give it a fresh new look.

You should always wear appropriate protective equipment during the remodeling process, such as goggles, gloves, and ear protection. This will keep you safe from any dust and debris and prevent injuries like cuts or abrasions. Additionally, you should be careful to wear sturdy shoes and use a mask when operating power tools.

In addition to protecting your body, you should also follow any safety recommendations provided by the contractor. It is also important to stay hydrated throughout the remodel to prevent dehydration. Lastly, you should never work while you are tired or stressed out. This could lead to an injury, which could delay the remodeling project.

When it comes to kitchen remodeling, the most important thing is ensuring that you choose the right type of remodel for your home. A complete overhaul may be necessary if your kitchen is outdated and needs to be updated with modern technology, but a minor refresh can provide the same result for a much lower cost. Additionally, a minor remodel is more likely to add resale value to your home than a complete revamp.

What is Plumbing?

Oceanside Plumbing is the system of pipes, fixtures and fittings that bring fresh water into a building and carry wastewater out. It is usually distinguished from sewage systems which are responsible for carrying human wastes.

Plumbing

A well-functioning plumbing system is essential for any building. Regular inspection and maintenance can help prevent leaks and other problems.

Many people take plumbing for granted, but this vital part of the home has a long and varied history. It has transformed human lives by enabling people to access clean, fresh water for drinking and cooking and by safely draining away waste, which can carry dangerous organisms that cause disease.

The earliest plumbing systems were developed by ancient civilizations, with evidence found in archaeological sites worldwide. These primitive systems were basic—they included simple tubes to bring fresh water and channels to drain wastewater. Despite their simplicity, they allowed people to settle in cities and cultivate crops without relying on distant water sources.

As empires expanded, plumbing systems grew more complex and widespread. Aqueducts were constructed to transport fresh water to urban areas, and grated drains were used to collect and direct waste away from residences. After the fall of these empires, however, these systems declined in use. Significant advancements resumed during the Industrial Revolution, as increasing urban populations and a greater need for water for washing and bathing put pressure on existing plumbing infrastructure. This led to new tools and technologies being developed to keep up with demand.

Some cities were pioneers in using cast iron pipes, and certain hotels became known for their indoor plumbing facilities. The first comprehensive sewer systems emerged, effectively tackling issues of sewage and public health hazards. With the discovery of bacteria and its connection to disease, communities were better equipped to create sanitation systems that significantly improved public health.

Functions

The plumbing system is responsible for delivering fresh, clean water into homes and businesses and removing waste in a safe manner. It consists of pipes, fixtures, and appliances like sinks, toilets, showers, and water heaters. Plumbers use their knowledge of blueprints and building codes to plan and execute plumbing installations. They also troubleshoot and repair existing systems. In addition to ensuring the safety of occupants, they are also responsible for maintaining a safe and sustainable environment.

The function of plumbing is complex and diverse, but it primarily involves the delivery of safe drinking water and removal of sewage and wastewater. Plumbers install, maintain, and repair these vital systems in residential and commercial buildings. They may also work on larger-scale systems that serve entire communities or cities.

Residential plumbing focuses on supplying homes with clean water for cooking, cleaning, and drinking. It includes a network of pipes that deliver water from a public or private source into homes and businesses, as well as appliances like sinks, faucets, toilets, and showers. It also includes drainage pipes and vents to ensure proper flow and prevent odors.

Plumbing in commercial and industrial buildings is more complex than in residences. It often involves large-scale water supply lines, drains, and fire sprinkler systems. These systems must be integrated with mechanical and electrical systems, and they must meet stringent health and safety regulations.

Plumbers in industrial and commercial settings may also work on specialized systems such as food processing plants, power generation facilities, and fuel storage tanks. These systems require a higher level of expertise than standard plumbing because they operate at greater volumes and involve more complicated machinery. Plumbing engineers design these systems to maximize efficiency and minimize risk. They may also be responsible for coordinating with other engineering disciplines to ensure that all components of the plumbing system work together seamlessly.

Materials

Choosing the right plumbing materials is crucial to ensure that your plumbing system will work well and last a long time. Different materials have different strengths and weaknesses, and some are better suited for specific tasks than others. Knowing about the most common plumbing materials, including copper, PVC, CPVC, and PEX, can help you determine which is best for your home or commercial building.

One of the most common materials used in plumbing is copper, which is strong and durable. It is also resistant to corrosion and can withstand temperature changes. However, copper pipes are expensive and require special tools to install. PVC is a cheaper alternative to copper and can be installed quickly. It is also easy to work with, especially if you use the right tools.

Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) is similar to PVC, but it can withstand higher temperatures. It is also resistant to chemical reactions and corrosion, making it a good choice for hot and cold water plumbing in residential buildings. Another advantage of CPVC is that it is less susceptible to thermal contraction and expansion, which can cause cracks in other plumbing materials.

Other popular plumbing materials include polyethylene and galvanized steel. Unlike copper, polyethylene is flexible and can be used in long runs. It is also safe for drinking water and doesn’t leach traces of chemicals into the water. Galvanized steel is also sturdy and affordable, but it rusts easily, so it needs to be coated with protective coatings.

There are also other specialty plumbing materials, such as silicone and EPDM. Silicone is soft enough to stretch and manipulate into tight spaces, but it’s also durable and resistant to temperature fluctuations. EPDM is a synthetic rubber that’s also used in plumbing applications. It’s often used in drains and water removal systems, as it’s able to withstand both high and low pressures.

Installation

Plumbing is the network of pipes and fixtures that deliver fresh water and remove wastewater in homes and businesses. It’s an essential service that allows people to bathe, cook, wash clothes and dishes, and clean themselves without getting contaminated by waterborne bacteria. Plumbing also ensures that waste is disposed of properly so it doesn’t pollute the environment or clog drains and sewer lines.

A home’s plumbing system consists of water supply lines, drain lines, venting systems and fixtures. Water supply lines connect the house to the city water main, which in turn provides drinking water through taps and showers. The water supply lines run underground to prevent freezing, and they carry hot and cold water to appliances like sinks, toilets, dishwashers and washing machines.

The drain line runs from each fixture to the house’s sewer or septic system, which then takes the waste away. This is important because it prevents backflow, which can damage the plumbing and create health risks for people living in the building. The venting system keeps sewer gases from seeping into the living spaces, and it consists of pipes that connect to the drain lines and extend outside the home.

New construction plumbing involves setting the sewer accommodation stubs that lead to the house’s sewer line and connect it to the municipal system or private septic tank. This is done before the concrete foundation is poured, and it’s part of what’s known as the rough-in plumbing phase. The plumber then installs the rest of the plumbing, including drain lines, vents and fixtures. When it comes to home remodeling or adding a bathroom, the plumber works with electrical and gas contractors to ensure the new work is integrated with the existing system.

Maintenance

Plumbing is a vital service that contributes to the comfort and safety of households and businesses. It consists of a network of pipes and fixtures that transport water, gas, and waste. Plumbers install and repair these systems, often using specialised tools. They also inspect pipes and other components to ensure they are functioning properly. Plumbers may also work on larger-scale plumbing systems in commercial and industrial buildings.

Some of the most important functions of plumbing involve distributing potable water and removing sewage waste. This includes installing, repairing, and maintaining appliances like sinks, showers, toilets, and water heaters. It is also crucial to maintain proper drainage systems to prevent overflow and flooding. Plumbers can also assist with heating and cooling systems, installing and repairing air conditioning ducts and vents.

While some of these tasks can be performed by homeowners, it is generally best to leave large-scale plumbing projects to professionals. A licensed plumber can ensure that all work is done according to local plumbing codes and regulations, and can minimize the risk of leaks, clogs, and other problems.

To become a plumber, a high school diploma is typically the minimum educational requirement. However, many people choose to attend technical or trade schools to learn the skills necessary for the job. These programs can provide a comprehensive overview of the industry, including topics like blueprint reading, plumbing codes, and the basics of construction and engineering.

Plumbing is an integral part of any home or business. It carries clean, fresh water to appliances like sinks and toilets, and removes sewage waste in a safe and hygienic manner. It is important to maintain these systems to avoid costly repairs and maintenance issues. Regular inspections, implementing prevention measures such as drain cleaning and insulating pipes in cold weather, and practicing conservation methods are all great ways to keep plumbing running smoothly.

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